{"product_id":"ritger-um-rikisvald-42922-39517","title":"Essay on government #42922","description":"An Essay on Government by John Locke. Icelandic translation by Atli Harðarson who also wrote an introduction.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e John Locke (1632–1704) was an English philosopher who had a profound influence on epistemology and political philosophy. He was one of the founders of the British realist tradition and laid the foundation for the ideology of liberalism with his liberal theories. Locke's theories are rooted in the natural law tradition as well as nominalism. He was an important herald of the Enlightenment.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eIn his book The Second Treatise on Civil Government (1689), Locke put forward two ideas that were widely accepted in the following centuries. The first was that private property rights could arise of their own accord and without violating the natural rights of men, but that the role of the state was to protect property rights. The second was that the state was founded on a tacit agreement between citizens, called the social contract, but that when the rulers broke this agreement and respected little or no rights of the citizens, it was their right to rise up and overthrow them. With this second idea, Locke defended the Glorious Revolution in Britain in 1688 and argued for the separation of powers. It was a great inspiration for liberal political movements in the 18th and 19th centuries, for example in the American Revolution of 1776 and the French Revolution of 1789, and the demand for parliamentary monarchy, which resonated widely in the Nordic countries in the 19th century, including in Denmark and Iceland, was not least inspired by Locke. In his book, Anarchy, State, and Utopia, Robert Nozick breathed new life into Locke's political ideas.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eLocke believed that the value of an object was created when labor was put into it. According to this theory, people can make an object their property by putting labor into it. The value of an object is therefore determined to a large extent by the labor that has been put into it and how it has been used. Nevertheless, Locke believed that supply and demand were what determined the value of an object in free trade. But Locke believed that the labor theory of value showed that private property rights came before government power and that the government therefore had no right to do whatever it wanted with the property of its citizens.","brand":"Bókin.is","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51124924842312,"sku":"OSC-39517","price":1900.0,"currency_code":"ISK","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0916\/4029\/9848\/files\/42922.jpg?v=1754792216","url":"https:\/\/www.bokin.is\/en\/products\/ritger-um-rikisvald-42922-39517","provider":"bokin.is","version":"1.0","type":"link"}